| Russian Grammar Question | Answer | S |
|---|---|---|
|
За _____ есть река́. There is a river behind the trees. |
деревьями |
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За _____ есть река́.
– "За" (Za) is a preposition in Russian that means "behind" or "beyond."
– Prepositions often dictate the case of the noun that follows them.
– The noun "деревья" (derev’ya) means "trees."
– In the original sentence, "за дерeвьями" (za derev’yami) is used.
– The preposition "за" requires the instrumental case when indicating location, so "деревья" (derev’ya) must be changed to its instrumental case form.
– For the word "деревья" (derev’ya), the instrumental plural form is "деревьями" (derev’yami).
– Therefore, "за деревьями" (za derev’yami) translates to "behind the trees."
Prepositions and cases in Russian:
– "За" with the instrumental case is used specifically to indicate the location ("behind").
– Common prepositions like "в" (v) — in/at/on, "на" (na) — on/at, "под" (pod) — under, "с" (s) — with, and "у" (u) — by/near, each require specific cases (like accusative, prepositional, or genitive), but "за" takes instrumental when referring to location.
Instrumental Case Formation:
– For many nouns, the plural instrumental ending is "-ами" for hard-stem nouns or "-ями" for soft-stem nouns.
– "дерево" (derevo) in singular becomes "деревья" (derev’ya) in plural, and "деревья" takes the instrumental plural form "деревьями."
By following these rules, you can see why “деревьями” (derev’yami) is used after "за" (za) to correctly form the phrase "за деревьями" (za derev’yami) to mean "behind the trees."
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