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않다 info.

Tips to remember:
• Think of 않다 (an-ta) as the “not doing” helper verb in Korean. When you want to say that an action isn’t happening, imagine adding “an” before the verb to “cancel” its action.
• Remember that it’s often used in a split form (하지 않다, ha-ji an-ta) meaning “not do.”

Explanations:
• 않다 means “not” or “don’t” when attached to another verb. It serves as an auxiliary negative to state that an action is not performed.
• It attaches directly to the verb stem to negate it.
• In everyday language, speakers might also use the separate negation “안” before a verb (e.g., 안 하다); both forms carry the same meaning.

Other words with a similar meaning:
• 안 하다 (an ha-da) or 하지 않다 (ha-ji an-ta) are alternative ways to express “not do.”

Conjugations of 않다:
• Dictionary form (infinitive): 않다 (an-ta)
• Present informal (desciptive): 않아 (an-ah)   → e.g., “나는 그렇게 하지 않아.” (Na-neun geureoke ha-ji an-ah.) “I don’t do that.”
• Present polite: 않아요 (an-ah-yo)      → e.g., “나는 가지 않아요.” (Na-neun ga-ji an-ah-yo.) “I am not going.”
• Past informal: 않았어 (an-haet-sseo)      → e.g., “그는 웃지 않았어.” (Geu-neun ut-ji an-haet-sseo.) “He didn’t laugh.”
• Past polite: 않았어요 (an-haet-seo-yo)      → e.g., “그는 말하지 않았어요.” (Geu-neun mal-ha-ji an-haet-seo-yo.) “He did not speak.”
• Future informal: 않을 거야 (an-eul geo-ya)      → e.g., “내일은 가지 않을 거야.” (Nae-il-eun ga-ji an-eul geo-ya.) “I won’t go tomorrow.”
• Future polite: 않을 거예요 (an-eul geo-ye-yo)    → e.g., “나는 내일 운동하지 않을 거예요.” (Na-neun nae-il undong-ha-ji an-eul geo-ye-yo.) “I will not exercise tomorrow.”

Examples of sentences:
1. 나는 운동하지 않는다.
  (Romanized: Na-neun undong-ha-ji anh-neun-da.)
  Translation: “I do not exercise.”
2. 그는 말하지 않았다.
  (Romanized: Geu-neun mal-ha-ji anhaet-da.)
  Translation: “He did not speak.”
3. 내일은 가지 않을 거야.
  (Romanized: Nae-il-eun ga-ji an-eul geo-ya.)
  Translation: “I will not go tomorrow.”

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