| in English | in Korean | S |
|---|---|---|
| did not say/tell (polite) | μ λ§νμ΄μ |
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μ λ§νμ΄μ info.
Tips to Remember:
β’ Recognize that λ§νλ€ (malhada) means βto speakβ or βto say.β Think of λ§ as related to βwords.β
β’ The word μ (an) negates the verb, so μ λ§νμ΄μ (an malhaesseoyo) literally means βdid not speakβ or βdid not say.β
β’ Remember νμ΄μ (haesseoyo) is the past polite conjugation of νλ€ (hada), a helper verb used here with λ§.
Explanation:
β’ μ λ§νμ΄μ is the negative past tense in the polite style of λ§νλ€. It translates to βdid not sayβ or βdid not tell.β
β’ The construction is: μ (not) + verb stem (λ§) + νμ΄μ (past form of νλ€).
Other Words with the Same Meaning:
β’ λ§νμ§ μμμ΄μ (malhaji anasseoyo) β another way to say βdid not say.β
β’ λ§ λͺ»νμ΄μ (mal mothaesseoyo) β indicates βcouldnβt sayβ or βwasnβt able to sayβ (different nuance).
Conjugations of λ§νλ€ (to speak/say):
β’ Infinitive (dictionary form): λ§νλ€ (malhada)
β’ Present Tense (polite): λ§ν΄μ (malhaeyo)
β’ Present Tense (casual): λ§ν΄ (malhae)
β’ Past Tense (polite, affirmative): λ§νμ΄μ (malhaesseoyo)
β’ Past Tense (polite, negative): μ λ§νμ΄μ or λ§νμ§ μμμ΄μ (an malhaesseoyo / malhaji anasseoyo)
β’ Future Tense (polite): λ§ν κ±°μμ (malhal geoyeyo)
β’ Imperative (polite): λ§μνμΈμ (malsseumhaseyo)* or simply λ§νμΈμ (malhaseyo)* when speaking casually
βββ*Note: When being extra polite or formal, λ§μνμΈμ is used.
Example Sentences:
1. I didnβt tell the secret.
ββ’ Korean: μ κ° κ·Έ λΉλ°μ μ λ§νμ΄μ.
ββ’ Romanized: Je-ga geu bimireul an malhaesseoyo.
2. He didnβt say anything.
ββ’ Korean: κ·Έλ μ무 λ§λ μ νμ΄μ.
ββ’ Romanized: Geu-neun amu maldo an haesseoyo.
3. I did not say that I would help.
ββ’ Korean: μ κ° λμμ£Όκ² λ€κ³ μ λ§νμ΄μ.
ββ’ Romanized: Je-ga dowajugettago an malhaesseoyo.
4. I will say it tomorrow.
ββ’ Korean: λ΄μΌ λ§ν κ±°μμ.
ββ’ Romanized: Naeil malhal geoyeyo.
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