| German Grammar Question | Answer | S |
|---|---|---|
|
Ich ____ heute spät aufgewacht I woke up late today |
bin |
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Ich ____ heute spät aufgewacht
The correct translation of “I woke up late today” into German is “Ich bin heute spät aufgewacht.” The word “bin” is the correct choice here because the sentence uses the verb “aufwachen,” which is an intransitive verb that describes a change of state or movement. In German grammar, verbs that describe motion or a change of state are typically used with the auxiliary verb “sein” (to be) to form the perfect tense, rather than “haben” (to have), which is more commonly used with transitive verbs.
The perfect tense in German, which is used to speak about past events, is formed by combining the correct auxiliary verb (either “sein” or “haben”) in the present tense with the past participle of the main verb. In this case, the past participle of “aufwachen” is “aufgewacht.”
The breakdown of the sentence is as follows:
– “Ich” (I) is the subject.
– “bin” (am) is the first-person singular present tense form of “sein,” which is used as the auxiliary verb.
– “heute” (today) is a temporal adverb.
– “spät” (late) is an adverb describing the manner of the action.
– “aufgewacht” (woken up) is the past participle of “aufwachen.”
The construction of the perfect tense with “sein” is also typical for verbs that imply movement from one place to another (like “gehen” – to go, “fahren” – to travel) and for certain reflexive verbs like “sich freuen” (to be glad). This rule helps signal the completion of an action that has resulted in a change of state or location.
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