| in English | in German | S |
|---|---|---|
| I hope my cousin arrived | Ich hoffe, dass mein Cousin angekommen ist |
Comments, Questions, Etc. About I hope my cousin arrived in German
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Sentence info.
The sentence breaks down into a main clause and a subordinate clause. In the main clause "Ich hoffe" (“I hope”), the subject is "ich" and "hoffe" is the verb. The subordinate clause, introduced by "dass" (“that”), is "dass mein Cousin angekommen ist." In subordinate clauses, the finite verb comes at the end, which is why "ist" is placed after "angekommen." Here, "mein Cousin" is the subject of the subordinate clause, and "angekommen" is the past participle forming the present perfect tense together with "ist."
Remember that when using conjunctions like "dass," the verb moves to the end of the clause. It can help to identify the main clause first and then rearrange the subordinate clause accordingly.
Alternate ways to express the sentence include:
• "Ich hoffe, mein Cousin ist angekommen." (Omitting "dass" is common in casual speech.)
• "Hoffentlich ist mein Cousin angekommen." (Using "hoffentlich" conveys the hope without a subordinate clause.)
Both alternative structures maintain the same meaning while varying the sentence construction.
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