| in English | in Korean | S |
|---|---|---|
| That person didn’t work this week | κ·Έ μ¬λμ μ΄λ² μ£Όμ μΌνμ§ μμμ΄μ |
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Sentence info.
β’ κ·Έ (geu) β βthatβ
βTip: Remember that βκ·Έβ is a demonstrative adjective used before a noun.
β’ μ¬λμ (saram-eun) β βpersonβ with the topic marker βμβ attached (meaning βas for the personβ)
βTip: Topic particles like βμ/λβ show what the sentence is about; here, it emphasizes βthat person.β
β’ μ΄λ² (ibeon) β βthisβ (referring to the current period)
βTip: βμ΄λ²β is often paired with a noun like βμ£Όβ to mean βthis weekβ or βthis time.β
β’ μ£Όμ (ju-e) β βweekβ plus the locative marker βμβ indicating time/place (βinβ or βonβ)
βTip: When describing when something happens, add βμβ after the time word.
β’ μΌνμ§ μμμ΄μ (ilhaji anhasseoyo) β βdid not workβ
ββ’ μΌνμ§ comes from βμΌνλ€β (to work), with the verb stem βμΌν-β plus the connector βμ§β
ββ’ μμμ΄μ is the past negative ending attached to the verb phrase, meaning βdid notβ do the action
βTip: To form the past negative of a verb, remove βλ€β from the dictionary form, add βμ§ μλ€β in its proper polite past form.
Translation: βThat person didnβt work this week.β
Alternate ways to say βThat person didn't work this weekβ:
β’ μ΄λ² μ£Όμ κ·Έ μ¬λμ΄ μΌνμ§ μμμ΄μ.
β(Note: Switching the order of the time and subject is common in Korean.)
β’ κ·Έ μ¬λμ μ΄λ² μ£Ό λμ μΌμ μ νμ΄μ.
β(βλμβ means βthroughout,β and βμ νμ΄μβ is a more colloquial negative form.)
β’ κ·Έ μ¬λμ μ΄λ² μ£Όμ μΌμ νμ§ μμμ΅λλ€.
β(Using the more formal ending β-μ΅λλ€β.)
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