| in English | in Indonesian | S |
|---|---|---|
| In the morning, he sweeps dry leaves in the backyard | Pagi, ia menyapu daun kering di halaman belakang |
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Sentence info.
Pagi, ia menyapu daun kering di halaman belakang.
• Pagi – means “morning.” It functions as a time indicator placed at the beginning of the sentence.
• ia – a third-person singular pronoun meaning “he” (or “she,” depending on context). Here, it refers to a male subject.
• menyapu – the active verb “to sweep.” The prefix “me–” is added to the root “sapu” to form the transitive verb.
• daun – “leaves.”
• kering – “dry.” It describes the noun “daun” and comes after it, following the typical Indonesian adjective-noun order (descriptive adjectives usually follow the noun).
• di – a preposition that means “in” or “at.”
• halaman – “yard” or “garden.”
• belakang – “back” which, when combined with “halaman,” becomes “backyard.”
Translation: “Morning, he sweeps dry leaves in the backyard.”
Tips to Remember:
• Notice time indicators like “pagi” can start the sentence to set the scene.
• The pronoun “ia” is a formal or literary version for “he” used in written language.
• The active verb in Indonesian is formed by adding the prefix “me–” to the root (sapu becomes menyapu).
• Adjectives often follow the noun; thus “daun kering” is used instead of “kering daun.”
• Prepositions such as “di” are placed before the location phrase “halaman belakang.”
Alternate Ways to Say It:
• Pada pagi hari, dia menyapu daun-daun kering di belakang rumah.
• Di pagi hari, dia menyapu daun kering di area belakang rumah.
• Pagi-pagi, dia menyapu daun-daun kering di halaman belakang rumah.
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